All-in-one 2D retinomorphic hardware device for motion detection and recognition uncovered
A retina-inspired two-dimensional (2D) heterostructure based retinomorphic hardware device with all-in-one perception, memory and computing capabilities for the detection and recognition of moving trolleys has been presented by Peng Zhou, professor at School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, and Weida Hu, researcher at CAS Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics.
The proposed 2D retinomorphic device senses an optical stimulus to generate progressively tuneable positive/negative photoresponses and memorizes it, combined with interframe differencing computations, to achieve 100% separation detection of moving trichromatic trolleys without ghosting.
The research article entitled “All-in-one two-dimensional retinomorphic hardware device for motion detection and recognition” has been published in Nature Nanotechnology.
China’s strategy on ecology protection proved to be effective in promoting the restoration of coastal wetlands
A substantial increase in saltmarsh area and a stable trend of tidal flat area since 2012, driven by reduced anthropogenic activities and increased conservation and restoration efforts has been found by Bo Li, professor at Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering and National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Fudan University, and Xiangming Xiao, professor at Center for Earth Observation and Modeling, University of Oklahoma. These coastal wetland maps for the period 1984–2018 are invaluable for improvement of coastal wetland management and sustainability in China.
The research article entitled “Rebound in China’s coastal wetlands following conservation and restoration” has been published in Nature Sustainability.
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-021-00793-5
Bacterial characteristics of CRKP infections and the clinical outcomes of patients with CRKP infections across different countries analyzed
Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is a global threat. Researchers therefore analysed the bacterial characteristics of CRKP infections and the clinical outcomes of patients with CRKP infections across different countries. This study helps us better understand process and technical specifications of first-class clinical research, constructing the network of clinical research on drug-resistant bacteria in China. The study was led by Minggui Wang, professor at Institute of Antibiotics of Huashan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University.
The research article entitled “Clinical outcomes and bacterial characteristics of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae complex among patients from different global regions (CRACKLE-2): a prospective, multi-centre, cohort study” has been published in Lancet Infect Dis.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34767753/#affiliation-1
A new role for E2A during directed cardiac differentiation of hESCs revealed
A recent study presented by Ning Sun, researcher at School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, and Ping Liang, researcher at Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, has revealed a new role for E2A during directed cardiac differentiation of hESCs, which may provide new clues for enhancing induction efficiency of SAN-like cardiomyocytes from hPSCs in the future.
The research article entitled “E2A ablation enhances proportion of nodal-like cardiomyocytes in cardiac-specific differentiation of human embryonic stem cells” has been published in EBioMedicine.
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/ebiom/article/PIIS2352-3964(21)00368-6/fulltext
Associations between whole grain and dietary fiber intake with liver cancer risk proved
The largest cohort study to date to evaluate the associations between whole grain and dietary fiber intake with liver cancer risk has been recently conducted by Xing Liu, associate professor at School of Public Health, Fudan Univerisity, and Xuehong Zhang, assistant professor at Department of Nutrition, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University.
In addition, it reports an association between dietary fiber intake and chronic liver diseases mortality. With the large sample size, dietary fiber from different food sources was examined in detail, and two major subtypes of primary liver cancer (i.e., HCC and ICC) were studied.
The research article entitled “Higher intake of whole grains and dietary fiber are associated with lower risk of liver cancer and chronic liver disease mortality” has been published in Nature Communications.
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-26448-9
Study sheds new light on the integral role of M2-like macrophages for adipose tissue homeostasis
Research team led by Qiqun Tang, professor at School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, and Shuwen Qian, associate researcher at School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, has shown that the macrophage cytokine Slit3 is secreted by adipose tissue macrophages and promotes cold adaptation by stimulating sympathetic innervation and thermogenesis in mice. Analysing the transcriptome of M2-like macrophages in murine inguinal WAT (iWAT) after cold exposure, the researchers identify Slit3 as a secreted cytokine. Slit3 binds to the ROBO1 receptor on sympathetic neurons to stimulate Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II signalling and norepinephrine release, which enhances adipocyte thermogenesis.
Their findings shed new light on the integral role of M2-like macrophages for adipose tissue homeostasis and uncover the macrophage–Slit3–sympathetic neuron–adipocyte signalling axis as a regulator of long-term cold adaptation.
The research article entitled “Slit3 secreted from M2-like macrophages increases sympathetic activity and thermogenesis in adipose tissue” has been published in Nature Metabolism.
https://www.nature.com/articles/s42255-021-00482-9
New findings on treatment of neuroinflammatory diseases liver fibrosis proposed
Findings from the research team led by Zhenwei Yao, professor at Department of Radiology of Huashan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, suggest that D-mannose, an over-the-counter drug with a high safety profile, may be an effective, low-cost treatment option for multiple sclerosis and other neuroinflammatory diseases.
The research article entitled “D-mannose suppresses oxidative response and blocks phagocytosis in experimental neuroinflammation” has been published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
https://www.pnas.org/content/118/44/e2107663118
Moreover, an X-ray energy-dependent attenuation strategy originated from bismuth (Bi)-based nanoprobes (BiF3@PDA@HA) has been proposed for the accurate diagnosis of liver fibrosis by Zhenwei Yao and Wenbo Bu, professor at Department of Materials Science, Fudan University. As a proof of concept, the strategically designed nanoprobes with energy-dependent attenuation characteristics not only expand the scope of CT application, but also hold excellent potential for precise imaging-based disease diagnosis.
The research article entitled “Harnessing X-ray Energy Dependent Attenuation of Bismuth-Based Nanoprobes for Accurate Diagnosis of Liver Fibrosis” has been published in Advanced Science.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/advs.202002548
The glycan-first glycopeptide search engine pGlyco3 proposed
Weiqian Cao, associate researcher at Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, and Wenfeng Zeng, doctor student at Institute of Computing Technology, CAS, presented a glycan-first glycopeptide search engine, pGlyco3, to comprehensively analyze intact N- and O-glycopeptides, including glycopeptides with modified saccharide units. A glycan ion-indexing algorithm developed for glycan-first search makes pGlyco3 5–40 times faster than other glycoproteomic search engines without decreasing accuracy or sensitivity.
The research article entitled “Precise, fast and comprehensive analysis of intact glycopeptides and modified glycans with pGlyco3” has been published in Nature Methods.
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41592-021-01306-0\
An interacting host receptome of SARS-CoV-2 revealed
A recent study has revealed an interacting host receptome of SARS-CoV-2, and identified ASGR1 and KREMEN1 as alternative functional receptors that play essential roles in ACE2-independent virus entry, providing insight into SARS-CoV-2 tropism and pathogenesis, as well as a community resource and potential therapeutic strategies for further COVID-19 investigations.
The study was conducted by Zhigang Lu and Min Luo, researchers at Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, in collaboration with teams led Guoliang Xu, CAS academician and professor at Fudan University and Youhua Xie, researcher at Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, and teams led by Dong Gao and Yun Zhao, researchers at CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science.
The research article entitled “Receptome profiling identifies KREMEN1 and ASGR1 as alternative functional receptors of SARS-CoV-2” has been published in Cell Research.
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41422-021-00595-6
